Located in Doña Ana County, New Mexico, San Andres National Wildlife Refuge is a national wildlife refuge. It lies in or next to White Sands National Park, so park hours, fees and rules apply. It sits roughly 35 km (22 mi) N of White Sands.
The San Andres National Wildlife Refuge is located in the southern San Andres Mountains of southcentral New Mexico, USA. The refuge, which lies within the northernmost extension of the Chihuahuan Desert, has elevations ranging from 4,200 feet (1,300 m) to 8,239 feet (2,511 m) feet. Refuge habitats vary from creosote and Chihuahuan desert grasslands in the bajadas to pinyon-juniper woodlands at higher elevations. A few springs, seeps, and seasonal streams provide water for wildlife and riparian habitats in the refuge. San Andres NWR is completely surrounded by the White Sands Missile Range and is closed to the public for security reasons.From the Wikipedia article “San Andres National Wildlife Refuge”, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Sunrise & sunset directions
At San Andres National Wildlife Refuge the sunrise point swings a long way through the year: about 61° (ENE) at the June solstice and 118° (ESE) in late December. Sunset moves from 299° (WNW) in June to 243° (WSW) in December, and the midday sun climbs to 81° in summer but only 34° in winter.
| Date | Sunrise | Azimuth | Sunset | Azimuth | Noon sun | Daylight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March equinox (Mar 20) | 7:11 AM | 90° E | 7:18 PM | 271° W | 57° | 12h 07m |
| June solstice (Jun 21) | 6:00 AM | 61° ENE | 8:18 PM | 299° WNW | 81° | 14h 18m |
| September equinox (Sep 22) | 6:55 AM | 89° E | 7:04 PM | 271° W | 58° | 12h 09m |
| December solstice (Dec 21) | 7:05 AM | 118° ESE | 5:05 PM | 243° WSW | 34° | 10h 00m |
Azimuth is measured clockwise from true north (90° = east, 270° = west). Computed for 2026; values change by less than a degree from year to year.
Golden hour & blue hour by month
Wildlife is most active in the first and last two hours of daylight — exactly when the light is warmest.
| Month (15th) | Blue hour starts | Sunrise | Golden hour ends | Golden hour starts | Sunset | Blue hour ends | Daylight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 6:42 AM | 7:09 AM | 7:46 AM | 4:47 PM | 5:23 PM | 5:50 PM | 10h 14m |
| February | 6:25 AM | 6:50 AM | 7:24 AM | 5:18 PM | 5:52 PM | 6:17 PM | 11h 02m |
| March | 6:53 AM | 7:17 AM | 7:50 AM | 6:42 PM | 7:15 PM | 7:39 PM | 11h 57m |
| April | 6:12 AM | 6:37 AM | 7:10 AM | 7:03 PM | 7:36 PM | 8:02 PM | 12h 59m |
| May | 5:41 AM | 6:08 AM | 6:43 AM | 7:24 PM | 7:58 PM | 8:26 PM | 13h 50m |
| June | 5:30 AM | 5:59 AM | 6:35 AM | 7:40 PM | 8:16 PM | 8:45 PM | 14h 17m |
| July | 5:42 AM | 6:10 AM | 6:45 AM | 7:40 PM | 8:16 PM | 8:44 PM | 14h 06m |
| August | 6:05 AM | 6:31 AM | 7:04 AM | 7:19 PM | 7:53 PM | 8:19 PM | 13h 22m |
| September | 6:26 AM | 6:51 AM | 7:23 AM | 6:41 PM | 7:14 PM | 7:39 PM | 12h 23m |
| October | 6:46 AM | 7:11 AM | 7:44 AM | 6:01 PM | 6:34 PM | 6:59 PM | 11h 24m |
| November | 6:11 AM | 6:37 AM | 7:13 AM | 4:31 PM | 5:06 PM | 5:32 PM | 10h 29m |
| December | 6:35 AM | 7:02 AM | 7:39 AM | 4:25 PM | 5:03 PM | 5:30 PM | 10h 01m |
Local time (America/Denver), including daylight saving time. Golden hour runs from about −4° to +6° solar altitude, so the morning golden hour begins during blue hour, before sunrise.
Milky Way & night sky
From San Andres National Wildlife Refuge, the Milky Way core is visible in a dark sky from February through October. June gives the longest window (about 6.2 hours on a moonless night), and the core peaks around 28° above the southern horizon. Our light-pollution model puts the sky at about Bortle 2 (typical truly dark site), which is excellent for astrophotography.
| Month | Core visible (15th) | Hours | Max altitude | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | Below 10° in darkness | — | 1° | — |
| February | 4:35 AM – 5:25 AM | 0.8 | 17° | SE → SE |
| March | 3:46 AM – 5:46 AM | 2.0 | 25° | SE → SSE |
| April | 1:42 AM – 5:02 AM | 3.3 | 28° | SE → S |
| May | 11:43 PM – 4:23 AM | 4.7 | 28° | SE → SSW |
| June | 9:58 PM – 4:08 AM | 6.2 | 28° | SE → SW |
| July | 9:54 PM – 2:44 AM | 4.8 | 28° | SSE → SW |
| August | 9:22 PM – 12:42 AM | 3.3 | 28° | S → SW |
| September | 8:37 PM – 10:47 PM | 2.2 | 25° | SSW → SW |
| October | 7:56 PM – 8:46 PM | 0.8 | 17° | SW → SW |
| November | Below 10° in darkness | — | 3° | — |
| December | Below 10° in darkness | — | -18° | — |
Window when the galactic core is at least 10° high during astronomical darkness on the 15th of each month. Pick nights within a few days of the new moon. Plan exact nights with the Milky Way planner.
Estimated sky darkness: 2 Bortle 2 — Typical truly dark site. The summer Milky Way shows rich structure; clouds look like black holes in the stars. Modeled zenith brightness ≈ 21.78 mag/arcsec².
Weather & best season
Long-term NASA satellite data for this area show October as the clearest month (about 30% average cloud cover) and July as the cloudiest (51%). July is the warmest month and January the coldest, which matters for gear, snow access and how long batteries last at night.
Average cloud cover (%)
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High °F | 70 | 80 | 87 | 94 | 102 | 108 | 107 | 104 | 99 | 93 | 82 | 73 |
| Low °F | 19 | 6 | 18 | 28 | 37 | 52 | 60 | 55 | 45 | 25 | 20 | 18 |
| Precip. (in) | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Monthly climatology for the surrounding 1° grid cell from NASA POWER (MERRA-2). Mountain sites can be colder and cloudier than the cell average.
Photography tips for this national wildlife refuge
- Stay on designated routes and keep a respectful distance — if an animal changes behavior, you are too close.
- A 400–600 mm lens (or a crop body) is the usual tool for birds.
- Fast shutter speeds (1/2000 s+) freeze wingbeats; raise ISO rather than lose the shot.
- Migration peaks bring the largest concentrations — see the birding calendar for this state.
- Use auto-loop roads as mobile blinds; animals often tolerate vehicles more than people on foot.
- Tell someone where you're going in remote areas and carry the ten essentials.
Season: Spring and autumn migration are the highlights; winter brings waterfowl to many southern refuges.
Suggested gear: Telephoto lens (400 mm+), Bean bag for car window, Binoculars. Work out exposures with the depth of field, ND filter and NPF rule calculators.
Permits, drones & access
National Park Service rules. Under federal law (54 U.S.C. 100905), still photography in National Park Service areas needs a permit only when it (1) takes place where members of the public are not allowed, (2) uses models, sets or props that are not part of the location's natural or cultural resources or administrative facilities, or (3) would cause the park to incur additional administrative costs to monitor the activity. Ordinary visitor and most landscape photography needs no permit. Commercial filming rules are separate and have changed in recent years — confirm current requirements with the park before a paid shoot.
Drones: Launching, landing or operating unmanned aircraft (drones) is prohibited in National Park Service units under a 2014 Superintendent's closure (36 CFR 1.5), except where a park has issued specific written approval. Flying from outside the boundary over park land can also violate park rules and disturb wildlife.
Nearby photo spots
Other locations within 40 km of San Andres National Wildlife Refuge, closest first.
FAQ
When is the best time to photograph San Andres National Wildlife Refuge?
What time is golden hour at San Andres National Wildlife Refuge?
Where does the sun rise and set at San Andres National Wildlife Refuge?
Can you see the Milky Way from San Andres National Wildlife Refuge?
Do you need a permit to photograph at San Andres National Wildlife Refuge?
How far is San Andres National Wildlife Refuge from White Sands?
Sources
Location data: Wikidata, Wikipedia. Sun, moon and Milky Way times are computed by LWPhoto Atlas for 2026. Climate: NASA POWER. Sky darkness is a population-based estimate (Walker's law), not a measurement. See data sources & licenses.