Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge is a national wildlife refuge in Barnes County, North Dakota. The nearest town is Valley City, about 22 km (14 mi) away (Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge lies NW of town).
The Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge is located in the U.S. state of North Dakota and consists of 440 acres (1.78 km2). Tomahawk NWR is a privately owned easement refuge, managed with by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuge was established to protect habitat for migratory bird species, white-tail deer and other mammals. Valley City Wetland Management District oversees the refuge, which in turn is a part of the Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge Complex. The refuge can be accessed from North Dakota Highway 1, and is one mile (1.6 km) east of the town of Rogers, North Dakota.From the Wikipedia article “Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge”, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Sunrise & sunset directions
At Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge the sunrise point swings a long way through the year: about 53° (NE) at the June solstice and 125° (SE) in late December. Sunset moves from 307° (NW) in June to 236° (SW) in December, and the midday sun climbs to 66° in summer but only 19° in winter.
| Date | Sunrise | Azimuth | Sunset | Azimuth | Noon sun | Daylight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March equinox (Mar 20) | 7:37 AM | 89° E | 7:45 PM | 271° W | 43° | 12h 09m |
| June solstice (Jun 21) | 5:38 AM | 53° NE | 9:33 PM | 307° NW | 66° | 15h 54m |
| September equinox (Sep 22) | 7:20 AM | 89° E | 7:32 PM | 271° W | 43° | 12h 12m |
| December solstice (Dec 21) | 8:17 AM | 125° SE | 4:46 PM | 236° SW | 19° | 8h 30m |
Azimuth is measured clockwise from true north (90° = east, 270° = west). Computed for 2026; values change by less than a degree from year to year.
Golden hour & blue hour by month
Wildlife is most active in the first and last two hours of daylight — exactly when the light is warmest.
| Month (15th) | Blue hour starts | Sunrise | Golden hour ends | Golden hour starts | Sunset | Blue hour ends | Daylight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 7:41 AM | 8:15 AM | 9:04 AM | 4:21 PM | 5:10 PM | 5:45 PM | 8h 55m |
| February | 7:07 AM | 7:38 AM | 8:22 AM | 5:14 PM | 5:57 PM | 6:29 PM | 10h 19m |
| March | 7:16 AM | 7:47 AM | 8:27 AM | 6:58 PM | 7:38 PM | 8:09 PM | 11h 52m |
| April | 6:13 AM | 6:45 AM | 7:26 AM | 7:40 PM | 8:21 PM | 8:53 PM | 13h 36m |
| May | 5:22 AM | 5:58 AM | 6:42 AM | 8:18 PM | 9:02 PM | 9:38 PM | 15h 04m |
| June | 4:58 AM | 5:38 AM | 6:25 AM | 8:43 PM | 9:31 PM | 10:10 PM | 15h 53m |
| July | 5:15 AM | 5:53 AM | 6:39 AM | 8:39 PM | 9:25 PM | 10:04 PM | 15h 32m |
| August | 5:57 AM | 6:31 AM | 7:13 AM | 8:03 PM | 8:46 PM | 9:19 PM | 14h 15m |
| September | 6:40 AM | 7:11 AM | 7:51 AM | 7:06 PM | 7:47 PM | 8:17 PM | 12h 36m |
| October | 7:21 AM | 7:51 AM | 8:33 AM | 6:05 PM | 6:47 PM | 7:18 PM | 10h 56m |
| November | 7:04 AM | 7:37 AM | 8:24 AM | 4:12 PM | 4:59 PM | 5:33 PM | 9h 22m |
| December | 7:38 AM | 8:13 AM | 9:05 AM | 3:53 PM | 4:45 PM | 5:20 PM | 8h 32m |
Local time (America/Chicago), including daylight saving time. Golden hour runs from about −4° to +6° solar altitude, so the morning golden hour begins during blue hour, before sunrise.
Milky Way & night sky
From Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge, the Milky Way core is visible in a dark sky from April through August. June gives the longest window (about 2.2 hours on a moonless night), and the core peaks around 14° above the southern horizon. Our light-pollution model puts the sky at about Bortle 2 (typical truly dark site), which is excellent for astrophotography.
| Month | Core visible (15th) | Hours | Max altitude | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | Below 10° in darkness | — | -5° | — |
| February | Below 10° in darkness | — | 5° | — |
| March | 6:01 AM – 6:01 AM | 0.0 | 11° | SSE → SSE |
| April | 3:54 AM – 4:44 AM | 0.8 | 13° | SSE → SSE |
| May | 2:01 AM – 3:31 AM | 1.5 | 14° | SSE → S |
| June | 12:26 AM – 2:36 AM | 2.2 | 14° | SSE → SSW |
| July | 12:01 AM – 1:31 AM | 1.5 | 14° | S → SSW |
| August | 10:48 PM – 11:28 PM | 0.7 | 13° | SSW → SSW |
| September | Below 10° in darkness | — | 10° | — |
| October | Below 10° in darkness | — | 5° | — |
| November | Below 10° in darkness | — | -4° | — |
| December | Below 10° in darkness | — | -20° | — |
Window when the galactic core is at least 10° high during astronomical darkness on the 15th of each month. Pick nights within a few days of the new moon. Plan exact nights with the Milky Way planner.
Estimated sky darkness: 2 Bortle 2 — Typical truly dark site. The summer Milky Way shows rich structure; clouds look like black holes in the stars. Modeled zenith brightness ≈ 21.88 mag/arcsec². Aurora needs roughly Kp 3.5+ to show low on the northern horizon here.
Weather & best season
Long-term NASA satellite data for this area show July as the clearest month (about 46% average cloud cover) and December as the cloudiest (67%). July is the warmest month and January the coldest, which matters for gear, snow access and how long batteries last at night.
Average cloud cover (%)
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High °F | 48 | 61 | 77 | 87 | 92 | 105 | 106 | 102 | 100 | 85 | 69 | 49 |
| Low °F | -41 | -31 | -20 | 4 | 21 | 38 | 44 | 39 | 28 | 12 | -8 | -28 |
| Precip. (in) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Monthly climatology for the surrounding 1° grid cell from NASA POWER (MERRA-2). Mountain sites can be colder and cloudier than the cell average.
Photography tips for this national wildlife refuge
- Stay on designated routes and keep a respectful distance — if an animal changes behavior, you are too close.
- A 400–600 mm lens (or a crop body) is the usual tool for birds.
- Fast shutter speeds (1/2000 s+) freeze wingbeats; raise ISO rather than lose the shot.
- Migration peaks bring the largest concentrations — see the birding calendar for this state.
- Use auto-loop roads as mobile blinds; animals often tolerate vehicles more than people on foot.
- Tell someone where you're going in remote areas and carry the ten essentials.
Season: Spring and autumn migration are the highlights; winter brings waterfowl to many southern refuges.
Suggested gear: Telephoto lens (400 mm+), Bean bag for car window, Binoculars. Work out exposures with the depth of field, ND filter and NPF rule calculators.
Permits, drones & access
Drones: Launching or landing drones on National Wildlife Refuge lands generally requires a special use permit from the refuge manager, and wildlife disturbance rules apply everywhere.
Nearby photo spots
Other locations within 40 km of Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge, closest first.
National Wildlife RefugeNational Wildlife RefugeCampgrounds nearby (Recreation.gov)
- Mel Rieman Rec10.3 km (6.4 mi) · reservable
- Eggerts Landing13.7 km (8.5 mi) · reservable
- West Ashtabula Crossing13.7 km (8.5 mi) · reservable
- East Ashtabula Crossing16.3 km (10.1 mi) · reservable
FAQ
When is the best time to photograph Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge?
What time is golden hour at Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge?
Where does the sun rise and set at Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge?
Can you see the Milky Way from Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge?
Do you need a permit to photograph at Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge?
How far is Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge from Valley City?
Sources
Location data: Wikidata, Wikipedia. Sun, moon and Milky Way times are computed by LWPhoto Atlas for 2026. Climate: NASA POWER. Sky darkness is a population-based estimate (Walker's law), not a measurement. See data sources & licenses.