Hole in the Rock — a natural arch in Napa County, California at about 1,016 m (3,333 ft) above sea level — is a classic subject for landscape photographers. The nearest town is Calistoga, about 8.6 km (5.3 mi) away (Hole in the Rock lies NNW of town).
Sunrise & sunset directions
At Hole in the Rock the sunrise point swings a long way through the year: about 59° (ENE) at the June solstice and 120° (ESE) in late December. Sunset moves from 302° (WNW) in June to 240° (WSW) in December, and the midday sun climbs to 75° in summer but only 28° in winter.
| Date | Sunrise | Azimuth | Sunset | Azimuth | Noon sun | Daylight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March equinox (Mar 20) | 7:15 AM | 90° E | 7:23 PM | 271° W | 51° | 12h 08m |
| June solstice (Jun 21) | 5:47 AM | 59° ENE | 8:39 PM | 302° WNW | 75° | 14h 52m |
| September equinox (Sep 22) | 6:59 AM | 89° E | 7:09 PM | 271° W | 52° | 12h 10m |
| December solstice (Dec 21) | 7:26 AM | 120° ESE | 4:53 PM | 240° WSW | 28° | 9h 28m |
Azimuth is measured clockwise from true north (90° = east, 270° = west). Computed for 2026; values change by less than a degree from year to year.
Golden hour & blue hour by month
Arches glow when reflected light bounces off nearby rock — the underside of an arch often turns bright orange just after sunrise or before sunset.
| Month (15th) | Blue hour starts | Sunrise | Golden hour ends | Golden hour starts | Sunset | Blue hour ends | Daylight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 6:58 AM | 7:28 AM | 8:08 AM | 4:33 PM | 5:13 PM | 5:43 PM | 9h 46m |
| February | 6:35 AM | 7:02 AM | 7:39 AM | 5:12 PM | 5:49 PM | 6:16 PM | 10h 46m |
| March | 6:56 AM | 7:23 AM | 7:58 AM | 6:43 PM | 7:18 PM | 7:44 PM | 11h 55m |
| April | 6:07 AM | 6:35 AM | 7:10 AM | 7:12 PM | 7:47 PM | 8:15 PM | 13h 12m |
| May | 5:29 AM | 5:59 AM | 6:37 AM | 7:38 PM | 8:16 PM | 8:46 PM | 14h 17m |
| June | 5:14 AM | 5:46 AM | 6:26 AM | 7:58 PM | 8:37 PM | 9:09 PM | 14h 51m |
| July | 5:28 AM | 5:59 AM | 6:38 AM | 7:56 PM | 8:35 PM | 9:06 PM | 14h 37m |
| August | 5:57 AM | 6:25 AM | 7:02 AM | 7:30 PM | 8:06 PM | 8:35 PM | 13h 41m |
| September | 6:26 AM | 6:53 AM | 7:28 AM | 6:45 PM | 7:20 PM | 7:47 PM | 12h 28m |
| October | 6:53 AM | 7:20 AM | 7:56 AM | 5:57 PM | 6:33 PM | 7:00 PM | 11h 13m |
| November | 6:25 AM | 6:53 AM | 7:33 AM | 4:19 PM | 4:58 PM | 5:27 PM | 10h 05m |
| December | 6:52 AM | 7:22 AM | 8:04 AM | 4:09 PM | 4:51 PM | 5:21 PM | 9h 29m |
Local time (America/Los Angeles), including daylight saving time. Golden hour runs from about −4° to +6° solar altitude, so the morning golden hour begins during blue hour, before sunrise.
Milky Way & night sky
From Hole in the Rock, the Milky Way core is visible in a dark sky from March through September. June gives the longest window (about 5.2 hours on a moonless night), and the core peaks around 22° above the southern horizon. Our light-pollution model puts the sky at about Bortle 4 (rural / suburban transition), good enough for detailed Milky Way images.
| Month | Core visible (15th) | Hours | Max altitude | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | Below 10° in darkness | — | -2° | — |
| February | 5:17 AM – 5:27 AM | 0.2 | 12° | SE → SE |
| March | 4:26 AM – 5:46 AM | 1.3 | 19° | SE → SSE |
| April | 2:22 AM – 4:52 AM | 2.5 | 22° | SE → S |
| May | 12:23 AM – 4:03 AM | 3.7 | 22° | SE → S |
| June | 10:35 PM – 3:45 AM | 5.2 | 22° | SE → SSW |
| July | 10:28 PM – 2:18 AM | 3.8 | 22° | SSE → SW |
| August | 9:45 PM – 12:15 AM | 2.5 | 22° | S → SW |
| September | 8:50 PM – 10:10 PM | 1.3 | 19° | SSW → SW |
| October | 8:01 PM – 8:21 PM | 0.3 | 12° | SW → SW |
| November | Below 10° in darkness | — | 0° | — |
| December | Below 10° in darkness | — | -19° | — |
Window when the galactic core is at least 10° high during astronomical darkness on the 15th of each month. Pick nights within a few days of the new moon. Plan exact nights with the Milky Way planner.
Estimated sky darkness: 4 Bortle 4 — Rural / suburban transition. Light domes are visible in several directions; the Milky Way is clear but lacks detail near the horizon. Modeled zenith brightness ≈ 20.68 mag/arcsec².
Weather & best season
Long-term NASA satellite data for this area show July as the clearest month (about 19% average cloud cover) and December as the cloudiest (57%). July is the warmest month and January the coldest, which matters for gear, snow access and how long batteries last at night.
Average cloud cover (%)
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High °F | 73 | 75 | 76 | 87 | 100 | 106 | 109 | 107 | 112 | 103 | 87 | 71 |
| Low °F | 25 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 35 | 42 | 48 | 48 | 45 | 37 | 27 | 24 |
| Precip. (in) | 4.7 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 6.2 |
Monthly climatology for the surrounding 1° grid cell from NASA POWER (MERRA-2). Mountain sites can be colder and cloudier than the cell average.
Photography tips for this natural arch
- Never climb on arches; many are fragile and climbing is prohibited on park lands.
- Midday sun creates hard shadows, but can light the underside through reflection in narrow canyons.
- Frame distant features through the opening of the arch for a natural window.
- At night, arches make classic Milky Way foregrounds; low-level lighting or blue hour exposures keep the rock detailed.
- Bring a spare battery — cold weather and long exposures drain them fast.
Season: Spring and autumn offer mild temperatures in desert arch country; summer heat is extreme at midday.
Suggested gear: Ultra-wide lens, Tripod, Headlamp, Plenty of water. Work out exposures with the depth of field, ND filter and NPF rule calculators.
Nearby photo spots
Other locations within 25 km of Hole in the Rock, closest first.
State Park
Mountain Peak
Hot Spring
State Park
State Park
Waterfall
Mountain Peak
Mountain Peak
State ParkFAQ
When is the best time to photograph Hole in the Rock?
What time is golden hour at Hole in the Rock?
Where does the sun rise and set at Hole in the Rock?
Can you see the Milky Way from Hole in the Rock?
Do you need a permit to photograph at Hole in the Rock?
How far is Hole in the Rock from Calistoga?
Sources
Location data: USGS GNIS / GeoNames. Sun, moon and Milky Way times are computed by LWPhoto Atlas for 2026. Climate: NASA POWER. Sky darkness is a population-based estimate (Walker's law), not a measurement. See data sources & licenses.