Located in Chaves County, New Mexico, Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a national wildlife refuge. It sits roughly 17.4 km (10.8 mi) NE of Roswell.
Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge located in two separate sections in central Chaves County, New Mexico, United States, a few miles northeast of the city of Roswell. Both sections lie on the banks of the Pecos River. The refuge was established in 1937 to provide habitat for migratory birds such as the sandhill crane and the snow goose, but it is also notable for rare native fish and the over 90 species of dragonflies and damselflies that inhabit the refuge. Where the Chihuahuan Desert meets the Southern Plains, Bitter Lake is one of the most biologically significant wetland areas of the Pecos River basin. The Bitter Lake Group of lake and wetlands within the National Wildlife Refuge was listed as a National Natural Landmark in 1980.From the Wikipedia article “Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge”, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Sunrise & sunset directions
At Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge the sunrise point swings a long way through the year: about 61° (ENE) at the June solstice and 118° (ESE) in late December. Sunset moves from 299° (WNW) in June to 242° (WSW) in December, and the midday sun climbs to 80° in summer but only 33° in winter.
| Date | Sunrise | Azimuth | Sunset | Azimuth | Noon sun | Daylight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March equinox (Mar 20) | 7:02 AM | 90° E | 7:10 PM | 271° W | 56° | 12h 07m |
| June solstice (Jun 21) | 5:49 AM | 61° ENE | 8:12 PM | 299° WNW | 80° | 14h 23m |
| September equinox (Sep 22) | 6:46 AM | 89° E | 6:56 PM | 271° W | 57° | 12h 09m |
| December solstice (Dec 21) | 6:59 AM | 118° ESE | 4:54 PM | 242° WSW | 33° | 9h 56m |
Azimuth is measured clockwise from true north (90° = east, 270° = west). Computed for 2026; values change by less than a degree from year to year.
Golden hour & blue hour by month
Wildlife is most active in the first and last two hours of daylight — exactly when the light is warmest.
| Month (15th) | Blue hour starts | Sunrise | Golden hour ends | Golden hour starts | Sunset | Blue hour ends | Daylight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 6:35 AM | 7:02 AM | 7:39 AM | 4:36 PM | 5:13 PM | 5:40 PM | 10h 10m |
| February | 6:17 AM | 6:43 AM | 7:17 AM | 5:08 PM | 5:43 PM | 6:08 PM | 11h 00m |
| March | 6:44 AM | 7:09 AM | 7:42 AM | 6:33 PM | 7:06 PM | 7:31 PM | 11h 57m |
| April | 6:02 AM | 6:28 AM | 7:01 AM | 6:55 PM | 7:29 PM | 7:54 PM | 13h 01m |
| May | 5:31 AM | 5:58 AM | 6:33 AM | 7:17 PM | 7:52 PM | 8:19 PM | 13h 54m |
| June | 5:19 AM | 5:48 AM | 6:25 AM | 7:33 PM | 8:10 PM | 8:39 PM | 14h 22m |
| July | 5:31 AM | 5:59 AM | 6:35 AM | 7:33 PM | 8:09 PM | 8:37 PM | 14h 10m |
| August | 5:55 AM | 6:21 AM | 6:55 AM | 7:11 PM | 7:45 PM | 8:12 PM | 13h 24m |
| September | 6:17 AM | 6:42 AM | 7:15 AM | 6:33 PM | 7:06 PM | 7:31 PM | 12h 24m |
| October | 6:38 AM | 7:03 AM | 7:36 AM | 5:52 PM | 6:25 PM | 6:50 PM | 11h 22m |
| November | 6:04 AM | 6:30 AM | 7:06 AM | 4:20 PM | 4:56 PM | 5:23 PM | 10h 26m |
| December | 6:28 AM | 6:55 AM | 7:33 AM | 4:14 PM | 4:52 PM | 5:20 PM | 9h 57m |
Local time (America/Denver), including daylight saving time. Golden hour runs from about −4° to +6° solar altitude, so the morning golden hour begins during blue hour, before sunrise.
Milky Way & night sky
From Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge, the Milky Way core is visible in a dark sky from February through October. June gives the longest window (about 6.2 hours on a moonless night), and the core peaks around 28° above the southern horizon. Our light-pollution model puts the sky at about Bortle 3 (rural sky), good enough for detailed Milky Way images.
| Month | Core visible (15th) | Hours | Max altitude | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | Below 10° in darkness | — | 1° | — |
| February | 4:37 AM – 5:17 AM | 0.7 | 17° | SE → SE |
| March | 3:39 AM – 5:39 AM | 2.0 | 24° | SE → SSE |
| April | 1:36 AM – 4:56 AM | 3.3 | 28° | SE → S |
| May | 11:48 PM – 4:18 AM | 4.5 | 28° | SE → SSW |
| June | 9:53 PM – 4:03 AM | 6.2 | 28° | SE → SW |
| July | 9:49 PM – 2:39 AM | 4.8 | 28° | SSE → SW |
| August | 9:16 PM – 12:36 AM | 3.3 | 28° | S → SW |
| September | 8:30 PM – 10:30 PM | 2.0 | 24° | SSW → SW |
| October | 7:48 PM – 8:28 PM | 0.7 | 17° | SW → SW |
| November | Below 10° in darkness | — | 3° | — |
| December | Below 10° in darkness | — | -18° | — |
Window when the galactic core is at least 10° high during astronomical darkness on the 15th of each month. Pick nights within a few days of the new moon. Plan exact nights with the Milky Way planner.
Estimated sky darkness: 3 Bortle 3 — Rural sky. Some light domes sit on the horizon, but the Milky Way still looks complex overhead. Modeled zenith brightness ≈ 21.59 mag/arcsec².
Weather & best season
Long-term NASA satellite data for this area show October as the clearest month (about 34% average cloud cover) and December as the cloudiest (48%). July is the warmest month and January the coldest, which matters for gear, snow access and how long batteries last at night.
Average cloud cover (%)
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High °F | 78 | 85 | 91 | 99 | 105 | 110 | 111 | 108 | 102 | 96 | 86 | 78 |
| Low °F | 17 | 5 | 17 | 29 | 34 | 52 | 59 | 55 | 43 | 23 | 19 | 15 |
| Precip. (in) | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Monthly climatology for the surrounding 1° grid cell from NASA POWER (MERRA-2). Mountain sites can be colder and cloudier than the cell average.
Photography tips for this national wildlife refuge
- Migration peaks bring the largest concentrations — see the birding calendar for this state.
- Use auto-loop roads as mobile blinds; animals often tolerate vehicles more than people on foot.
- Stay on designated routes and keep a respectful distance — if an animal changes behavior, you are too close.
- A 400–600 mm lens (or a crop body) is the usual tool for birds.
- Fast shutter speeds (1/2000 s+) freeze wingbeats; raise ISO rather than lose the shot.
- Shoot RAW to keep the most latitude for high-contrast sunrise and sunset scenes.
Season: Spring and autumn migration are the highlights; winter brings waterfowl to many southern refuges.
Suggested gear: Telephoto lens (400 mm+), Bean bag for car window, Binoculars. Work out exposures with the depth of field, ND filter and NPF rule calculators.
Permits, drones & access
Drones: Launching or landing drones on National Wildlife Refuge lands generally requires a special use permit from the refuge manager, and wildlife disturbance rules apply everywhere.
Nearby photo spots
Other locations within 40 km of Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge, closest first.
FAQ
When is the best time to photograph Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge?
What time is golden hour at Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge?
Where does the sun rise and set at Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge?
Can you see the Milky Way from Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge?
Do you need a permit to photograph at Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge?
How far is Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge from Roswell?
Sources
Location data: Wikidata, Wikipedia. Sun, moon and Milky Way times are computed by LWPhoto Atlas for 2026. Climate: NASA POWER. Sky darkness is a population-based estimate (Walker's law), not a measurement. See data sources & licenses.