60 butterflies were recorded flying in Illinois in September in our iNaturalist sample; 8 of the top 50 are at their peak this month. The list is ranked by number of research-grade observations.
Top butterflies in September

Monarch

Painted Lady

Common Buckeye

Fiery Skipper

Silver-spotted Skipper

Black Swallowtail

Pearl Crescent

Small White

Orange Sulphur

Peck's Skipper

Eastern Tailed-Blue

Viceroy
All butterflies flying in Illinois in September
| # | Species | Scientific name | Family | Obs. | Peak in state |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Monarch | Danaus plexippus | Brush-footed Butterflies | 4,653 | Aug (past peak) |
| 2 | Painted Lady | Vanessa cardui | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,799 | Sep (peak) |
| 3 | Common Buckeye | Junonia coenia | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,516 | Aug (past peak) |
| 4 | Fiery Skipper | Hylephila phyleus | Skippers | 1,299 | Sep (peak) |
| 5 | Silver-spotted Skipper | Epargyreus clarus | Skippers | 1,061 | Jul (past peak) |
| 6 | Black Swallowtail | Papilio polyxenes | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 1,059 | Jul (past peak) |
| 7 | Pearl Crescent | Phyciodes tharos | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,047 | Jul (past peak) |
| 8 | Small White | Pieris rapae | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 969 | Jul (past peak) |
| 9 | Orange Sulphur | Colias eurytheme | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 903 | Sep (peak) |
| 10 | Peck's Skipper | Polites peckius | Skippers | 865 | Aug (past peak) |
| 11 | Eastern Tailed-Blue | Everes comyntas | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 718 | Jul (past peak) |
| 12 | Viceroy | Limenitis archippus | Brush-footed Butterflies | 646 | Aug (past peak) |
| 13 | Variegated Fritillary | Euptoieta claudia | Brush-footed Butterflies | 378 | Sep (peak) |
| 14 | Huron Skipper | Atalopedes huron | Skippers | 337 | Sep (peak) |
| 15 | Eastern Tiger Swallowtail | Papilio glaucus | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 320 | Aug (past peak) |
| 16 | Red Admiral | Vanessa atalanta | Brush-footed Butterflies | 285 | Jul (past peak) |
| 17 | Eastern Comma | Polygonia comma | Brush-footed Butterflies | 258 | Jul (past peak) |
| 18 | Hackberry Emperor | Asterocampa celtis | Brush-footed Butterflies | 247 | Aug (past peak) |
| 19 | Tawny-edged Skipper | Polites themistocles | Skippers | 208 | Aug (past peak) |
| 20 | Red-spotted Admiral | Limenitis arthemis | Brush-footed Butterflies | 192 | Aug (past peak) |
| 21 | Question Mark | Polygonia interrogationis | Brush-footed Butterflies | 190 | Jul (past peak) |
| 22 | Pipevine Swallowtail | Battus philenor | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 185 | Jul (past peak) |
| 23 | Gray Hairstreak | Strymon melinus | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 177 | Sep (peak) |
| 24 | Cloudless Sulphur | Phoebis sennae | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 170 | Aug (past peak) |
| 25 | Clouded Sulphur | Colias philodice | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 156 | Sep (peak) |
| 26 | Wild Indigo Duskywing | Erynnis baptisiae | Skippers | 146 | Aug (past peak) |
| 27 | Summer Azure | Celastrina neglecta | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 138 | Jul (past peak) |
| 28 | Great Spangled Fritillary | Argynnis cybele | Brush-footed Butterflies | 121 | Jun (past peak) |
| 29 | American Snout | Libytheana carinenta | Brush-footed Butterflies | 114 | Jul (past peak) |
| 30 | Least Skipper | Ancyloxypha numitor | Skippers | 104 | Aug (past peak) |
| 31 | Spicebush Swallowtail | Papilio troilus | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 91 | Jul (past peak) |
| 32 | American Lady | Vanessa virginiensis | Brush-footed Butterflies | 90 | May (past peak) |
| 33 | Mourning Cloak | Nymphalis antiopa | Brush-footed Butterflies | 86 | Jun (past peak) |
| 34 | Eastern Giant Swallowtail | Heraclides cresphontes | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 79 | Jul (past peak) |
| 35 | Zabulon Skipper | Lon zabulon | Skippers | 69 | Aug (past peak) |
| 36 | Tawny Emperor | Asterocampa clyton | Brush-footed Butterflies | 67 | Aug (past peak) |
| 37 | Northern Pearly-eye | Lethe anthedon | Brush-footed Butterflies | 65 | Jul (past peak) |
| 38 | Little Yellow | Eurema lisa | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 61 | Jul (past peak) |
| 39 | Bronze Copper | Tharsalea hyllus | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 54 | Aug (past peak) |
| 40 | Common Checkered-Skipper | Burnsius communis | Skippers | 45 | Oct (rising) |
| 41 | Dainty Sulphur | Nathalis iole | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 42 | Oct (rising) |
| 42 | Meadow Fritillary | Boloria bellona | Brush-footed Butterflies | 42 | Jun (past peak) |
| 43 | Ocola Skipper | Panoquina ocola | Skippers | 41 | Oct (rising) |
| 44 | Dun Skipper | Euphyes vestris | Skippers | 33 | Jun (past peak) |
| 45 | Eastern Gemmed-Satyr | Cyllopsis gemma | Brush-footed Butterflies | 28 | Sep (peak) |
| 46 | Gray Comma | Polygonia progne | Brush-footed Butterflies | 27 | Jul (past peak) |
| 47 | Silvery Checkerspot | Chlosyne nycteis | Brush-footed Butterflies | 24 | Jul (past peak) |
| 48 | Harvester | Feniseca tarquinius | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 23 | Aug (past peak) |
| 49 | Southern Dogface | Zerene cesonia | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 21 | Aug (past peak) |
| 50 | Red-banded Hairstreak | Calycopis cecrops | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 18 | Jul (past peak) |