60 butterflies were recorded flying in California in May in our iNaturalist sample; 6 of the top 50 are at their peak this month. The list is ranked by number of research-grade observations.
Top butterflies in May

Variable Checkerspot

Monarch

Gray Buckeye
Umber Skipper
Mourning Cloak

Painted Lady

Western Tiger Swallowtail

California Sister

Anise Swallowtail

Acmon Blue

Small White

Pale Swallowtail
All butterflies flying in California in May
| # | Species | Scientific name | Family | Obs. | Peak in state |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Variable Checkerspot | Euphydryas chalcedona | Brush-footed Butterflies | 6,925 | May (peak) |
| 2 | Monarch | Danaus plexippus | Brush-footed Butterflies | 6,020 | Jul (rising) |
| 3 | Gray Buckeye | Junonia grisea | Brush-footed Butterflies | 3,841 | Jun (rising) |
| 4 | Umber Skipper | Lon melane | Skippers | 3,474 | May (peak) |
| 5 | Mourning Cloak | Nymphalis antiopa | Brush-footed Butterflies | 3,401 | Apr (past peak) |
| 6 | Painted Lady | Vanessa cardui | Brush-footed Butterflies | 2,834 | Apr (past peak) |
| 7 | Western Tiger Swallowtail | Papilio rutulus | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 2,825 | Jun (rising) |
| 8 | California Sister | Adelpha californica | Brush-footed Butterflies | 2,470 | Jun (rising) |
| 9 | Anise Swallowtail | Papilio zelicaon | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 2,381 | Jun (rising) |
| 10 | Acmon Blue | Icaricia acmon | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 2,336 | Jul (rising) |
| 11 | Small White | Pieris rapae | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 2,228 | Jul (rising) |
| 12 | Pale Swallowtail | Papilio eurymedon | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 2,217 | Jun (rising) |
| 13 | California Tortoiseshell | Nymphalis californica | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,975 | May (peak) |
| 14 | Lorquin's Admiral | Limenitis lorquini | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,943 | Jun (rising) |
| 15 | Common Ringlet | Coenonympha california | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,583 | Apr (past peak) |
| 16 | Echo Azure | Celastrina echo | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 1,510 | Jun (rising) |
| 17 | Northern Checkerspot | Chlosyne palla | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,402 | May (peak) |
| 18 | Gray Hairstreak | Strymon melinus | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 1,353 | Aug (rising) |
| 19 | Marine Blue | Leptotes marina | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 1,223 | Jul (rising) |
| 20 | Behr's Metalmark | Apodemia virgulti | Metalmark Butterflies | 1,183 | May (peak) |
| 21 | Red Admiral | Vanessa atalanta | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,146 | Apr (past peak) |
| 22 | Gulf Fritillary | Dione vanillae | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,113 | Sep (rising) |
| 23 | West Coast Lady | Vanessa annabella | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,081 | Apr (past peak) |
| 24 | Mylitta Crescent | Phyciodes mylitta | Brush-footed Butterflies | 1,063 | Jun (rising) |
| 25 | Fiery Skipper | Hylephila phyleus | Skippers | 1,042 | Sep (rising) |
| 26 | Checkered White | Pontia protodice | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 1,035 | Jun (rising) |
| 27 | Sara Orangetip | Anthocharis sara | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 910 | Apr (past peak) |
| 28 | Propertius Duskywing | Erynnis propertius | Skippers | 835 | Apr (past peak) |
| 29 | Bernardino Blue | Euphilotes bernardino | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 819 | Jun (rising) |
| 30 | Rural Skipper | Ochlodes agricola | Skippers | 735 | Jun (rising) |
| 31 | Orange Sulphur | Colias eurytheme | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 723 | Oct (rising) |
| 32 | Western Pygmy-Blue | Brephidium exilis | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 607 | Oct (rising) |
| 33 | Boisduval's Blue | Icaricia icarioides | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 589 | Jun (rising) |
| 34 | Mournful Duskywing | Erynnis tristis | Skippers | 547 | Aug (rising) |
| 35 | Brown Elfin | Callophrys augustinus | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 535 | Apr (past peak) |
| 36 | Field Crescent | Phyciodes pulchella | Brush-footed Butterflies | 517 | Jun (rising) |
| 37 | American Lady | Vanessa virginiensis | Brush-footed Butterflies | 501 | Jul (rising) |
| 38 | Funereal Duskywing | Erynnis funeralis | Skippers | 475 | Mar (past peak) |
| 39 | Northern White-Skipper | Heliopetes ericetorum | Skippers | 423 | Jun (rising) |
| 40 | Western Giant Swallowtail | Heraclides rumiko | Swallowtails and Parnassians | 390 | Sep (rising) |
| 41 | Hedgerow Hairstreak | Satyrium saepium | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 380 | Jun (rising) |
| 42 | Edith's Checkerspot | Euphydryas editha | Brush-footed Butterflies | 309 | May (peak) |
| 43 | Margined White | Pieris marginalis | Whites, Yellows, and Sulphurs | 303 | Mar (past peak) |
| 44 | Silvery Blue | Glaucopsyche lygdamus | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 298 | Mar (past peak) |
| 45 | Queen | Danaus gilippus | Brush-footed Butterflies | 293 | Oct (rising) |
| 46 | Common Checkered-Skipper | Burnsius communis | Skippers | 256 | Oct (rising) |
| 47 | Satyr Comma | Polygonia satyrus | Brush-footed Butterflies | 239 | Jun (rising) |
| 48 | Lotus Hairstreak | Callophrys dumetorum | Gossamer-winged Butterflies | 239 | Apr (past peak) |
| 49 | White Checkered-Skipper | Burnsius albezens | Skippers | 227 | Oct (rising) |
| 50 | Callippe Fritillary | Argynnis callippe | Brush-footed Butterflies | 219 | Jun (rising) |